Product regulation

Countries/jurisdictions regulate nicotine concentration/volume

Countries/jurisdictions prohibit use of harmful ingredients (except nicotine) in e-liquid or regulate flavors in e-liquid

Countries/jurisdictions regulate quality of e-liquid content, require safety and quality evaluation, or have instituted other safety-related regulations for e-cigarettes

Thirty-nine countries/jurisdictions regulate the amount (concentration/volume) of nicotine in e-liquids

Albania, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Scotland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Wales

Thirty-nine countries/jurisdictions do not permit the use of ingredients (other than nicotine) that pose a risk to human health in heated or unheated form in nicotine-containing e-liquid or regulate flavors in e-liquid

Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Scotland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Wales

Thirty-four countries/jurisdictions regulate the quality of nicotine and other ingredients used to manufacture the e-liquid; require products to pass safety and quality evaluation; or have instituted other safety-related regulations for e-cigarettes

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Scotland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and Wales